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<p>A <b>software widget</b> is a relatively simple and easy-to-use <a href="Software_application" class="mw-redirect" title="Software application">software application</a> or <a href="Software_component" title="Software component">component</a> made for one or more different <a href="Software_platform" class="mw-redirect" title="Software platform">software platforms</a>.
</p><p>A <a href="Desk_accessories" class="mw-redirect" title="Desk accessories">desk accessory</a> or <a href="Applet" title="Applet">applet</a> is an example of a simple, <a href="Standalone_program" title="Standalone program">stand-alone</a> user interface, in contrast with a more complex application such as a spreadsheet or word processor. These widgets are typical examples of <a href="Application_posture" title="Application posture">transient and auxiliary applications</a> that don't monopolize the <a href="End-user_(computer_science)" class="mw-redirect" title="End-user (computer science)">user</a>'s attention.
</p><p>On the other hand, <a href="Graphical_control_element" class="mw-redirect" title="Graphical control element">graphical control elements</a> (<a href="GUI" class="mw-redirect" title="GUI">GUI</a> "widgets") are examples of reusable modular components that are used together to build a more complex application, allowing <a href="Programmer" title="Programmer">programmers</a> to build user interfaces by combining simple, smaller components.
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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Classification">Classification</h2></div>
<p>Because the term, and the coding practice, has been extant since at least the 1980s, it has been applied in a number of contexts.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="GUI_widgets">GUI widgets</h3></div>
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</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="Graphical_control_element" class="mw-redirect" title="Graphical control element">Graphical control element</a></div>
<p>A <a href="Graphical_control_element" class="mw-redirect" title="Graphical control element">graphical control element</a> (GUI widget) is part of a <a href="Graphical_user_interface" title="Graphical user interface">graphical user interface</a> (GUI) that allows a <a href="Computer_user" class="mw-redirect" title="Computer user">computer user</a> to control a software application. In this context a widget may refer to a generic GUI element such as a <a href="Check_box" class="mw-redirect" title="Check box">check box</a>, to an instance of that element, or to a customized collection of such elements used for a specific function or application (such as a <a href="Dialog_box" title="Dialog box">dialog box</a> for users to customize their <a href="Computer_screen" class="mw-redirect" title="Computer screen">computer screen</a> appearances). A <a href="Widget_toolkit" title="Widget toolkit">widget toolkit</a> is a set of <a href="Computer_programming" title="Computer programming">programming</a> tools that help <a href="Software_developer" class="mw-redirect" title="Software developer">developers</a> reuse GUI widgets to build a user interface.
</p><p><a href="Graphical_user_interface_builder" title="Graphical user interface builder">Graphical user interface builders</a>, such as e.g. <a href="Glade_Interface_Designer" title="Glade Interface Designer">Glade Interface Designer</a>, facilitate the authoring of GUIs.
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Types_of_GUI_widgets">Types of GUI widgets</h4></div>
<ul><li><a href="Disclosure_widget" title="Disclosure widget">Disclosure widgets</a> are specific types of GUI widgets that may be hidden or expanded by computer users.</li>
<li>A metawidget is a GUI widget for controlling the operation of other widgets within a GUI.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Desktop_widgets">Desktop widgets</h3></div>


<p>Desktop widgets (commonly just called widgets) are interactive virtual tools for a <a href="Desktop_environment" title="Desktop environment">desktop environment</a> that provide single-purpose services such as showing the user the latest news, the current weather, the time, a calendar, a dictionary, a map program, a calculator, <a href="Desktop_notes" title="Desktop notes">desktop notes</a>, photo viewers, or even a language translator, among other things. Widgets can provide or augment the <a href="Graphical_shell" class="mw-redirect" title="Graphical shell">graphical shell</a>.
Examples of widget engines include:
</p>
<ul><li><a href="Dashboard_(Mac_OS)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dashboard (Mac OS)">Dashboard</a> widgets of <a href="Apple_Macintosh" class="mw-redirect" title="Apple Macintosh">Apple Macintosh</a></li>
<li><a href="Microsoft_gadgets" class="mw-redirect" title="Microsoft gadgets">Microsoft gadgets</a> in <a href="Windows_Vista" title="Windows Vista">Windows Vista</a>, <a href="Windows_7" title="Windows 7">Windows 7</a>, and in the <a href="Windows_Live" title="Windows Live">Windows Live</a> system - No longer supported, use now discouraged by Microsoft.</li>
<li>Various implementations for <a href="Linux" title="Linux">Linux</a>, including <a href="KDE_Plasma" title="KDE Plasma">Plasma</a> widgets (available for <a href="KDE" title="KDE">KDE</a> since version 4) and the widget engine used by <a href="GNOME_Shell" title="GNOME Shell">GNOME Shell</a> (available for <a href="GNOME" title="GNOME">GNOME</a> since version 3). Both are active and under development.</li>
<li><a href="Google_Desktop" title="Google Desktop">Google Desktop</a> running Google Gadgets - No longer supported, discontinued, some security issues re: data sharing.</li>
<li><a href="Yahoo!_Widgets" class="mw-redirect" title="Yahoo! Widgets">Yahoo! Widgets</a> for <a href="Windows_XP" title="Windows XP">Windows XP</a>, <a href="Windows_Vista" title="Windows Vista">Windows Vista</a>, <a href="Windows_7" title="Windows 7">Windows 7</a>, <a href="Windows_8" title="Windows 8">Windows 8</a>, <a href="Windows_10" title="Windows 10">Windows 10</a>, <a href="MacOS" title="MacOS">macOS</a> - No longer supported by Yahoo. Still functioning on Windows; since <a href="OS_X_El_Capitan" title="OS X El Capitan">OS X 10.11 El Capitan</a> the Yahoo widget dock is non-functioning but the majority of widgets still operate as expected and are accessible instead from the menu.</li>
<li>XWidgets - for <a href="Windows_XP" title="Windows XP">Windows XP</a>, <a href="Windows_Vista" title="Windows Vista">Windows Vista</a>, <a href="Windows_7" title="Windows 7">Windows 7</a>, <a href="Windows_8" title="Windows 8">Windows 8</a>, <a href="Windows_10" title="Windows 10">Windows 10</a> and <a href="Android_(operating_system)" title="Android (operating system)">Android</a> - Last updated in: 2 March 2015 (<a href="Windows" class="mw-redirect" title="Windows">Windows</a>).</li>
<li>Kludgets - for <a href="Windows" class="mw-redirect" title="Windows">Windows</a> - Allows Mac dashboard widgets to operate on Windows. Open Source, not actively developed.</li>
<li>Opera Widgets on all platforms (desktop, mobile TVs, gaming consoles) using the Opera browser's rendering engine. Opera Widgets were discontinued since the version 12 of the browser.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li><a href="Screenlets" title="Screenlets">Screenlets</a> for <a href="Linux" title="Linux">Linux</a> and other <a href="Unix-like" title="Unix-like">Unix-like</a> operating systems - This engine runs on <a href="X11" class="mw-redirect" title="X11">X11</a> and is under sporadic development</li>
<li>Homescreen widgets in <a href="Maemo" title="Maemo">Maemo</a></li>
<li>Homescreen widgets in <a href="Android_(operating_system)" title="Android (operating system)">Android</a></li></ul>
<p>Originally, <a href="Desk_accessories" class="mw-redirect" title="Desk accessories">desk accessories</a> were developed to provide a small degree of <a href="Computer_multitasking" title="Computer multitasking">multitasking</a> in <a href="Operating_system" title="Operating system">operating systems</a> that could only held one main application at a time, but when real <a href="Multitasking_operating_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Multitasking operating system">multitasking OSes</a> became available, these were replaced by normal applications.
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mobile_widgets">Mobile widgets</h3></div>
<p>Most mobile widgets are like desktop widgets, but for a mobile phone. Mobile widgets can maximize screen space use and may be especially useful in placing live data-rich applications on the device idle-screen/home-screen <a href="Java_Platform%2C_Micro_Edition" title="Java Platform, Micro Edition">Java ME</a>-based mobile widget engines exist, but the lack of standards-based APIs for Java to control the mobile device home-screen makes it harder for these engines to expose widgets on the phone-top.
</p><p>Several <a href="Ajax_(programming)" title="Ajax (programming)">AJAX</a>-based native widget platforms are also available for mobile devices.
</p><p>The growing pervasiveness of mobile widgets is easily understood. While widgets are a convenience in the online world, they can be looked at as near-essential in the mobile world. The reason: the mobile device is small and the interface is often challenging. Wading through large amounts of information in a mobile environment is not just a nuisance; it is a near impossibility.
</p><p><a href="Android_(operating_system)" title="Android (operating system)">Android</a> has supported mobile widgets natively since <a href="Android_version_history#Android_1.5_Cupcake" title="Android version history">Android 1.5 Cupcake</a>, released on April 27, 2009. Some of the most popular widgets on the Android operating system include DashClock, Google Keep and HD Widgets.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>The <a href="IOS" title="IOS">iOS</a> operating system also supports mobile widgets. Alongside, <a href="HarmonyOS" title="HarmonyOS">HarmonyOS</a> that supports widgets in what it's called 'Service Cards', that also includes installation-free apps and widgets.
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Web_widgets">Web widgets</h3></div>
<div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="Web_widget" title="Web widget">Web widget</a></div>
<p>A <a href="Web_widget" title="Web widget">web widget</a> is a portable application installed and executed, typically by non-expert <a href="Webmaster" title="Webmaster">webmasters</a> on <a href="HTML" title="HTML">HTML</a>-based <a href="Web_page" title="Web page">web pages</a>, to offer site visitors shopping, <a href="Internet_advertising" class="mw-redirect" title="Internet advertising">advertisements</a>, <a href="Internet_video" title="Internet video">videos</a>, or other simple functionality from third party widget publishers.
</p><p>Web browsers can also be used as widget engine infrastructures. The web is an environment well suited to distribution of widgets, as it doesn't require explicit interaction from the user to install new <a href="Snippet_(programming)" title="Snippet (programming)">code snippets</a>.
</p><p>Web widgets have unleashed some commercial interest, due their perceived potential as a marketing channel, mainly because they provide interactivity and <a href="Viral_marketing" title="Viral marketing">viral distribution</a> through social networks. The first known web widget, Trivia Blitz, was introduced in 1997. It was a game applet offered by Uproar.com (the leading online game company from 2000 - 2001) that appeared on over 35,000 websites ranging from GeoCities personal pages to CNN and Tower Records. When Uproar.com was acquired by Vivendi Universal in 2001, the widget was discontinued.
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Types_of_web_widgets">Types of web widgets</h4></div>
<ul><li>A "widget application" is a third party web widget developed for a <a href="Social_networking_service" title="Social networking service">social networking service</a>, with the user interface or the entire application hosted by the network service. <a href="Social_networking_service" title="Social networking service">Social networking services</a> such as <a href="Facebook" title="Facebook">Facebook</a> and <a href="Myspace" title="Myspace">Myspace</a> host these applications and provide them underlying platform services (such as display and storage of user-provided photos and other content, profile information about <a href="End_user" title="End user">end users</a> and communications features with other users) through special-purpose <a href="Application_programming_interface" class="mw-redirect" title="Application programming interface">application programming interfaces</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The term is used fairly loosely, in that many such applications are more complex internally and in operation than the simple applets that are called "widgets" in other contexts. The relationship between platform and developer is mutually beneficial, with the social network offering hardware and software infrastructure, and access to the social network's <a href="End_user" title="End user">end user</a> base, and with application publishers ranging from amateur developers to organized companies such as <a href="RockYou!" class="mw-redirect" title="RockYou!">RockYou!</a> and <a href="Slide.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Slide.com">Slide.com</a> providing content and features that make the social network services more useful for their members. At present, there is no fee or payment between developers and social network platforms, and attempts to realize revenue from widgets (primarily <a href="Internet_marketing" class="mw-redirect" title="Internet marketing">advertising</a> by the widget applications and sale of <a href="Electronic_commerce" class="mw-redirect" title="Electronic commerce">electronic commerce</a> goods and services within the widgets) have been relatively unsuccessful.</li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Widget_draft_standard">Widget draft standard</h4></div>
<p>On 9 November 2006, the Web Application Formats Working Group in <a href="World_Wide_Web_Consortium" title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</a> released the first public <a href="W3C_recommendation" class="mw-redirect" title="W3C recommendation">working draft</a> of Widgets 1.0.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The intention is to standardise some aspects of widgets. The <a href="Opera_browser" class="mw-redirect" title="Opera browser">Opera browser</a> is the first client side widget engine <a href="Tor_(anonymity_network)" class="mw-redirect" title="Tor (anonymity network)">to</a> adopt this draft W3C standard.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Apache Wookie (Incubating) is the first server side widget engine to adopt this W3C standard. Wookie is a server that manages widget instances and allows them to be embedded in web applications in addition to being provided for client devices such as Opera.
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="TV_set_widgets">TV set widgets</h3></div>
<p>Widgets are also available for TVs.<a href="Yahoo!_Widget_Engine" class="mw-redirect" title="Yahoo! Widget Engine">Yahoo! Widget Engine</a> is announced as a component of the next generation TV sets.
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Widget_engine">Widget engine</h2></div>

<p>A widget engine is the <a href="Software_platform" class="mw-redirect" title="Software platform">software platform</a> on which desktop or web widgets <a href="Execution_(computing)" title="Execution (computing)">run</a>. The widget model in widget engines is attractive because of ease of development. Most of these widgets can be created with a few images and about 10 to several hundred lines of <a href="XML" title="XML">XML</a>/<a href="JavaScript" title="JavaScript">JavaScript</a>/<a href="VBScript" title="VBScript">VBScript</a> <a href="Source_code" title="Source code">source code</a>. A single host software system, <a href="Web_widget" title="Web widget">such as a web browser</a>, runs all the loaded widgets. This allows several desktop widgets to be built sharing resources and code.
</p><p>Widget engines are not to be confused with <a href="Widget_toolkit" title="Widget toolkit">widget toolkits</a>. Toolkits are used by <a href="GUI" class="mw-redirect" title="GUI">GUI</a> programmers, who combine several <a href="GUI_widget" class="mw-redirect" title="GUI widget">widgets</a> (reusable <a href="Component_(software)" class="mw-redirect" title="Component (software)">components</a>) to form a single application. A widget in a toolkit provides a single, low level interaction, and is prepared to communicate with other widgets in the toolkit. On the other hand, widget engines such as desktop widgets and web widgets are intended for end users. Desktop and web widgets are stand-alone, task-oriented applications which can be composed of several related interactions on its own.
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2></div>
<ul><li>Wikipedia Widget - a widget for displaying Wikipedia articles</li>
<li><a href="Android_(operating_system)" title="Android (operating system)">Android (operating system)</a></li>
<li><a href="Chumby" title="Chumby">Chumby</a></li>
<li><a href="Desk_accessory" title="Desk accessory">Desk accessory</a></li>
<li><a href="GUI_widget" class="mw-redirect" title="GUI widget">GUI widget</a></li>
<li><a href="Widget_toolkit" title="Widget toolkit">Widget toolkit</a></li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>
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<li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Blattner, Glinert, Jorge and Ormsby, 'Metawidgets: towards a theory of multimodal interface design'. Appears in <i>Computer Software and Applications Conference, 1992. COMPSAC '92. Proceedings, Sixteenth Annual International</i> <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&nbsp;<bdi>0-8186-3000-0</bdi>.</span>
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<li id="cite_note-:0-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://thedroidreview.com/top-10-best-android-widgets-ever-even-in-2015-1160/">Top 10 Best Android Widgets Ever</a> Retrieved March 22, 2015.</span>
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<li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFTeigene2012" class="citation web cs1">Teigene, Arnstein (24 April 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120426210156/http://my.opera.com/addons/blog/2012/04/24/sunsetting-unite-and-widgets">"Increased focus on Opera extensions and ending support for Unite applications and Widgets"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://my.opera.com/addons/blog/2012/04/24/sunsetting-unite-and-widgets">the original</a> on 26 April 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 June</span> 2014</span>.</cite></span>
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<li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFRampell,_Catherine2007" class="citation news cs1"><a href="Catherine_Rampell" title="Catherine Rampell">Rampell, Catherine</a> (2007-11-03). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/11/02/AR2007110201894_pf.html">"Widgets Become Coins of the Social Realm"</a>. <i><a href="The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a></i>. p.&nbsp;D01<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-05-07</span></span>.</cite></span>
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</ol></div></div>
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</style><div id="Widget_engines366" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Modes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul>
<li><a href="Web_widget" title="Web widget">Web widget</a></li></ul>
</div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Engines (<a href="Free_software" title="Free software">free</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="GTK%2B" class="mw-redirect" title="GTK+">GTK+</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="GNOME_Shell" title="GNOME Shell">GNOME Shell</a></li>
<li><a href="Cinnamon_(user_interface)" class="mw-redirect" title="Cinnamon (user interface)">Cinnamon</a></li>
<li><a href="GDesklets" title="GDesklets">gDesklets</a></li>
<li><a href="Screenlets" title="Screenlets">Screenlets</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Qt_(framework)" class="mw-redirect" title="Qt (framework)">Qt</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="KDE_Plasma" title="KDE Plasma">KDE Plasma</a></li>
<li><a href="SuperKaramba" title="SuperKaramba">SuperKaramba</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Rainmeter" title="Rainmeter">Rainmeter</a></li>
<li><a href="WebKit" title="WebKit">WebKit</a></li>
<li><a href="XWidgets" class="mw-redirect" title="XWidgets">XWidgets</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Engines (<a href="Proprietary_software" title="Proprietary software">proprietary</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Active_Desktop" title="Active Desktop">Active Desktop</a></li>
<li><a href="Dashboard_(macOS)" title="Dashboard (macOS)">Dashboard</a></li>
<li><a href="DesktopX" title="DesktopX">DesktopX</a></li>
<li><a href="Google_Desktop#Gadgets_and_plug-ins" title="Google Desktop">Google Desktop gadgets</a></li>
<li><a href="Klipfolio_Dashboard" class="mw-redirect" title="Klipfolio Dashboard">KlipFolio</a></li>
<li><a href="Microsoft_Gadgets" title="Microsoft Gadgets">Microsoft Gadgets</a></li>
<li><a href="NetFront" title="NetFront">NetFront</a></li>
<li><a href="Netvibes" title="Netvibes">Netvibes</a></li>
<li><a href="Samurize" title="Samurize">Serious Samurize</a></li>
<li><a href="WidSets" title="WidSets">WidSets</a></li>
<li><a href="Yahoo!_Widgets" class="mw-redirect" title="Yahoo! Widgets">Yahoo! Widgets</a></li>
<li><a href="XWidgets" class="mw-redirect" title="XWidgets">XWidgets</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div>
<ul><li><b><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"></span></span> Category</b></li>
<li><b><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"></span> <a href="Comparison_of_widget_engines" title="Comparison of widget engines">Comparison</a></b></li></ul>
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